Mass deportations and resettlement of conquered peoples served as a fundamental tool of statecraft, economic organization, and imperial control, in which rivals from the assyrian core and the elite and craftsmen from defeated polities alike were grouped together and deported. Only one example of assyrian deportation propaganda has been widely recog nized up to now. Roads and mass deportations in the neo assyrian empire. Grisly assyrian record of torture and death by erika belibtreu scroll down to sidebar. John perry, forced migration in iran during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, iranian studies, vol. Then set up a personal list of libraries from your profile page by clicking on your user name at the top right of any screen.
The neo assyrian empire was an iron age mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 609 bc, and became the largest empire of the world up until that time. Oded mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire, 1979. There is no record that these deportees were ill treated. An empire which attempts to subdue rebellious peoples through deportation must. The impact of war on civilians in the neo assyrian period 105 both a necessity since the soldiers need e nergy to face the battle, and a military. Some historians have described the assyrians as the prussians of the ancient world the ideal and destiny, mcculloch, p. Apr 10, 2018 assyria was the region located in the ancient near east which, under the neo assyrian empire, reached from mesopotamia modernday iraq through asia minor modern turkey and down through egypt. Whether these links indicate a massive neo assyrian presence at the site, or that the site was an assyrian administrative centre is still an open question. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The first to rule over farflung lands and diverse peoples.
Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire oded, bustenay on. Facts for the everyday, the assyrian empire 911612 bce. Mass deportation forcibly uprooting entire communities and resettling them elsewhere. So i give some of my land to a third party to live on. Deportations to assur by neoassyrian kings 1 the melammu. Northern iraq was the political and economic center of the neoassyrian empire c. Oded, mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire, wiesbaden 1979, pp. There are ominous warnings for today to be found in the ancient assyrian empire s barbarism. His primary method of controlling his conquered nations was the practice of mass deportation and resettlement of the conquered peoples.
National and ethnic identity in the neoassyrian empire and. In the case of gazas rebellion, 10 that is, his book mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire 11 he also discusses at length the methods of transporting these deportees. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire bustenay oded on. The neoassyrian empires territorial expansion and need to demonstrate political supremacy over the rest of the world led to a situation in which reciprocal transfers of manpower were hardly feasible zaccagnini, 1983. Resettlement policy of the neoassyrian empire wikipedia. Between 19421964, many of the deportees from the repatriation drive returned to the united states as part of the bracero program, a series of bilateral agreements between the u. Rawlinson, george, ancient monarchies of the ancient eastern world vol i, new york.
The assyrian militaryreligious ethos weapons and warfare. Massdeportation in the neoassyrian empire tabulated summary. In the three centuries starting with the reign of ashurdan ii 934912 bce, the neo assyrian empire practiced a policy of resettlement also called deportation or mass deportation of population groups in its territories. Empire and babylon in the latter prophets, hsmm 59atlanta, ga scholars press, 199981114. Resettlement policy of the neoassyrian empire wikimili. The assyrian war machine a brief overview part 1 youtube. An empire which attempts to subdue rebellious peoples through deportation must provide incentives to convince them that deportation is in their best interest.
The majority of the resettlements were done with careful planning by the government in order to strengthen the empire. Pdf the impact of war on civilians in the neoassyrian. In the neoassyrian period, both written and visual sources refer to the presence of civilians in the con text of war, namely as prisoners of war who have been killed, capture d, deported, and. From neoassyrian to persian empires april 4, 2014 agulyas the neoassyrian empire 911612 bce is remembered for the brutal and efficient manner in which it conquered its foes, often using mass deportation to remove conquered people to different and unfamiliar parts of their empire, using these subject peoples as everything raging from. Deportation was practiced as a policy toward rebellious people in achaemenid empire. In the 9th century bc, assyrians based in northern iraq started a relentless process of expansion that within two centuries would see them controlling most of the ancient near east. The three neoassyrian monarchs ruled for a total of fiftynine years, during which they deported approximately 1. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire bustenay oded published in 1979 in wiesbaden by reichert services. These forced movements of large groups of people throughout the neoassyrian empire have traditionally been interpreted by scholars based exclusively on textual evidence, which is often interpreted. The neoassyrian empire began with the military expansionist policies of ninurta ii. Oded, mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire wiesbaden, 1979, pp. On a smaller scale, the practice of relocating captives, i.
Bustenay oded author of mass deportations and deportees in. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire by bustenay oded. Google scholar parker, bj 2001 the mechanics of empire, helsinki. Role of climate in the rise and fall of the neoassyrian empire. The assyrian empire 911 612 bce neoassyrian empire was powerful and aggressive. After more than two centuries of regional dominance, the neoassyrian state plummeted from its zenith c. In the three centuries starting with the reign of ashurdan ii 1 934912 bce, the neoassyrian empire practiced a policy of resettlement also called deportation or mass deportation of population groups in its territories. The neoassyrian kings used exile as their most severe strategy for controlling rebellious territories that had previously been subjected to the king of assyria in vassal treaties. Why do you think the assyrians took conquered peoples from. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, davide nadali and others published the impact. First, assyrias ruthless cruelty was primarily a result of its religious belief that war was an act of worship.
Ezekiel as the voice of the exiles and constructor of exilic. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire book book details. Bustenay oded is the author of mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire 4. However, just how far did the masses of the empires population actually share the.
Pdf the construction and performance of kingship in the neo. One can, however, wonder whether such a distinction between the founders of the empire and the sargonids is so clearcut, when considering the deportations of populations. Although deportation by assyrian kings is well attested in the ninth century, it was tiglathpilesers innovation to practice deportation on a vast scale. Four 7thcentury bce neoassyrian slave sale records from. The assyrians perfected early techniques of imperial rule, many of which became standard in later empires, and was, according to many historians, the first real empire in history. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire by bustenay oded. Humanitys first sin was an act of disobedience to god ge. Oded, mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire reichert, 1979. The united states has witnessed a tremendous rise in the number of people detained and deported. Jan 16, 2017 mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire. Full text views reflects the number of pdf downloads, pdfs sent to.
Pdf roads and mass deportations in the neoassyrian. The neo assyrian empire was an iron age mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 609 bc, and became the largest empire of the world up till that time. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian. The assyrians perfected early techniques of imperial rule, many of which became standard in later empires, and was, according to many historians, the first real empire in the history of the world. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire book book details.
Although the siege engine had been employed earlier in the empire, it was most effectively used during the period known as the neo assyrian empire 934610 bce or 912612 bce. It was named for its original capital, the ancient city of assur akkadian. Cultivating subjects in the neoassyrian empire melissa s. Deportations widely occurred in ancient history, and is wellrecorded particularly in ancient mesopotamia. The neoassyrian empire was arguably the worlds first superpower, straddling the middle east at its height in the 7th century. Karen radner, the lost tribes of israel in the context of the resettlement programme of the assyrian empire, in the last days of the kingdom of israel, ed. Tell jemmeh yielded both architectural features in plans and building techniques and assyrian style pottery that link it strongly to the neo assyrian world. It is difficult to determine how the inhabitants of the assyrian empire were. Assyrian empire is its reliance on mass deportation the forced resettlement of conquered peoples in other parts of the empire, often far away from their land of origin. Pdf the economics of mass deportation in the neoassyrian. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire. Oded, mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire.
Using the tactic of mass deportation of captured prisoners, the assyrians relocated approximately how many people. Weiss, the origins of tell leilan and the conquest of space in third millennium mesopotamia, in the origins of cities in dryfarming syria and mesopotamia in the third millennium bc, h. Quest for the lost tribes 1999, directed by elliot halpem. The neoassyrian empire was a multiethnic state composed of many peoples. On the other hand, when the medes and the persians under cyrus conquered babylon, cyrus moved into the capital without encountering resistance and.
Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire in. Pdf the institution of kingship is such an important component of ancient. Here is a situation in which part of the assyrian army stands. Justifications for war in assyrian royal inscriptions dec 31, 1992. Now, it is kept at the vorderasiatisches museum in berlin, inventory number vat 9755, 1 b. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire book. It thus appears that, though the overall scale of deportations is generally comparable, the persian rulers deported people less frequently but in greater numbers. In order to set up a list of libraries that you have access to, you must first login or sign up. Oded, bustenay 1979 mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire. The annals of tiglath pileser, sargon ii, and sennacharib, along with the biblical testimony of ii kings, show a policy of massive deportation in the name of empire maintenance and security, not a policy of total murder, a point reinforced by the researches of b.
Roads and mass deportations in the neoassyrian empire. See for examples, oded bustenai, mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire wiesbaden, 1979. Oded, b 1979 mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire, wiesbaden. Apr 01, 2008 while sharing some features with the mass deportations used as a policy tool by imperial powers of the region, such as the exile of the inhabitants of judah to babylonia in 586 b. The analysis of womens place in wars in the ancient near east is determined to a great extent by the fact that there was no law of war. What was the chief tactic that the assyrians used to maintain tranquility in their empire. Samassumaukin is a unique case in the neoassyrian empire. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire by bustenay oded, 9783882260434, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. Mass deportations of conquered nations, including jewish assyrian captivity. Traditional explanations for the decline of the neo assyrian empire in the 7th century bc have emphasized the role of military conflict, and especially the destruction of the assyrian capital, nineveh, by a. Tell jemmeh, philistia and the neoassyrian empire during the. Pdf roads and mass deportations in the neoassyrian empire.
The whole of mesopotamia once belonged to the assyrians. Having surveyed current views that dominate the biblical, historical and archaeological study of assyrian deportation policy in the southern levant, the iron age iibc material culture assemblage from the neoassyrian city of dan will now be examined in relation to contemporaneous sites in syromesopotamia and the southern levant. For an attempt to calculate the numbers pertaining to deported populations, ct. For example, the neoassyrian empire practiced mass deportation of conquered groups. Pdf the impact of war on civilians in the neoassyrian period. Mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire jan 1, 1979. However, some laws existed to allow wives to remarry, if their husbands were made prisoners of war or were considered to have disappeared. Without reaching the figures of sennacherib, those ordered by tiglathpileser and sargon affected several hundred thousand people. What really happened to tribes who vanished from israel over 2,700 years ago. What lasting effect did the assyrian policy of deportation. Assyria was a civilization centered on the upper tigris river, in mesopotamia iraq, that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history. Mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire, by bustenay obed, wiesbaden, 1979. The neoassyrian kings often deported large groups of people throughout their empire.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Oded, bustenay mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire. Parpola, simo 1987 the correspondence of sargon ii, part i. Role of climate in the rise and fall of the neoassyrian. The neoassyrians practiced mass deportation to move laborers to other parts of their empire and to break the will of the conquered people. Outline history of the neoassyrian period 745 612 bce.
We are not overtly attacking each other but there is a lot of tension. Mass deportation policies give neighbors who are citizens the chance to take advantage of neighbors who are not. Israelite deportations by assyria bible topic exposition. Full text views reflects the number of pdf downloads.
Filmmaker simcha jacobovici takes on the role of a reallife indiana jones to find out. Exile, assyrianthe mass deportation of population groups from conquered nations, as a measure to prevent these nations from rebelling, was introduced as a general policy by tiglathpileser iii in the second half of the eighth century b. Mass deportation and deportees in the neoassyrian empire. Buy mass deportations and deportees in the neo assyrian empire by oded, bustenay isbn. Neoassyrian empire soldiers equipped with iron weaponry and armor established their kings rule over the countryside, they used mass deportations to break resisters unity to provide slave labor for empire s needed manpower. The economics of mass deportation in the neo assyrian empire under tiglathpileser iii. Mass deportations were in fact an effective means of procuring craftsmen and unskilled labor. In addition to a strong, well organized central government, the assyrians were highly innovative in their approach to warfare. Oded, mass deportations and deportees in the neoassyrian empire wiesbaden.